Overactive bladder (OAB) is a prevalent condition affecting millions worldwide, particularly women and older adults. First-line treatments for OAB include behavioral modifications such as bladder training and pelvic floor exercises, but these methods may not be effective for everyone. Medications like antimuscarinics and beta-3 agonists are often prescribed; however, these drugs can have side effects, including dry mouth, constipation, and blurred vision, which can limit their long-term use.

Third-line treatments like botulinum toxin injections and sacral nerve modulation offer alternatives, but transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (TTNS) is gaining favor due to its non-invasive nature. TTNS stimulates the tibial nerve to regulate bladder function and has shown promising results in improving OAB symptoms, with fewer side effects compared with other treatments. Studies have demonstrated that TTNS is well-tolerated, with positive outcomes in reducing urinary urgency, frequency, and nocturia. Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation is also viewed as a cost-effective alternative, especially in self-managed home treatments, making it an appealing option for long-term OAB management.

Reference: McPhail C, Carey R, Nambiar S, et al. The Investigation of Percutaneous Tibial (PTNS) as a Minimally Invasive, Non-Surgical, Non-Hormonal Treatment for Overactive Bladder Symptoms. J Clin Med. 2023;12(10):3490. doi: 10.3390/jcm12103490.